Tanzania

sional journalists themselves), almost all
of the privately-owned media in Tanzania are not only owned by politicianscum-businessmen but, also there is
heavy presence of the ruling Chama cha
Mapinduzi (CCM) cadres.
Among 11 prominent media firms in
Tanzania, nine are owned by politiciancum-businessmen who have known links
to the CCM. These include, Rostam Aziz,
Anthony Diallo, Nazir Karamagi, Aden
Rage, among others. The other two media firms are owned by politicians who
have known links to Chama cha Maendeleo na Demokrasia (CHADEMA), namely Freeman Mbowe and Ndesamburo.
This means, despite all the praises, the
claim of there being private media - and
for that matter - a free press in Tanzania
is questionable.

ICT AND Telecommunications,
New Media and Social Media
ICT and new media in Tanzania have
been on the rise in recent years in Tanzania. Tanzania is fourth (after South
Africa, Nigeria and Kenya) in mobile
phones penetration. Mobile phones were
particularly used to reach village grassroots in the remotest parts of Tanzania
during the 2010 elections. According to
statistics, over 18 million mobile phones
are registered in Tanzania.
Social media (websites and blogs) in
Tanzania are not required to register or
obtain permission from state authority
like in other media outlets such as print
or broadcasting. Only Internet Service
Providers (ISPs) are required to register.
Social media were notably used for the

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So This is Democracy • 2011

first time in the 2010 general elections
where websites, blogs, networking sites
like Facebook and Twitter were used to
conduct election campaigns. Some of
the renowned blogs and social forums in
Tanzania include the Issa Michuzi (http://
issamichuzi.blogspot.com) and Jamii Forums (http://jamiiforums.com).
Others are Abdallah Mrisho (http://
abdallahmrisho.blogspot.com), Food for
Thought (http://haki-hakingowi.blogspot.com), Swahili Time (http://swahilitime.blogspot.com), Dr. Faustin Baraza
(http://funguajicho.blogspot.com), Maggid Mjengwa (http://mjengwa.blogspot.
com), Mohamed Dewji (http://mohameddewji.blogspot.com) and Wanabidii
(http://wanabidii.blogspot.com).
However, the Internet is accessed
by only 1% of Tanzanian population. In
response to this, Tanzania has embarked
on infrastructural developments that
will have - and in some cases are already
having - impact on the country’s ICT
sector and consequently social media or
new media. They include the inauguration of the Seacom Fibre Optic Cable and
the National ICT Optical Fibre Backbone
Network project.
The Seacom Fibre Optic Cable is the
17,000-kilometre undersea fibre optic
cable that links South and East Africa
countries to Europe and Asia. The cable provides broadband to countries in
East Africa currently relying on satellite
connections. These satellite connections
are said to be more expensive. With increased bandwidth there will be a big
boost in Internet services in the sense
that more entrepreneurs will invest in
this line of business which will operate

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