Minister Chombo accused the press and social media of spreading alarm and despondency
warning that

government would take “decisive action to deal a telling blow”

to the

perpetrators of crime.
The minister’s statement was a blatant threat against the exercise of freedom of expression
on the part of both citizens and the media as provided for in Sections 61 and 62 of the
Zimbabwean Constitution.
In a country with high voice-call rates, coupled with a political environment where freedom
of association is sometimes restricted, social media has provided affordable and relatively
safe platforms for Zimbabweans with similar interests to “meet and share their views. This
has significantly improved the flow and accessibility of information in the country.
Unfortunately some of the information shared by citizens also reflects on governance issues,
including important ones such as management of the current economic crisis.
For example, towards the end of September 2017, Zimbabwe experienced sporadic price
increases, which citizens documented and shared on social media. The statements released
by government after that spell of price increases, blamed inaccurate social media posts for
causing panic buying which then led to opportunistic retailers hiking their retail prices.
The minister’s remarks were thus calculated at instilling self-censorship on the part of both
the individual and the media, to curb the free flow of information on pertinent socioeconomic and political issues.

Subsequently, Martha O’Donovan, an American citizen

working with Magamba Network Trust, a social media network, was in November 2017
arrested and charged with subversion and insulting the president through a tweet in which
she allegedly called then president Mugabe a “sick man”.
Martha’s arrest serves as a warning on how closely state authorities are now monitoring
statements made through social media.

She was charged under Section 33 (2) of the

existing Criminal Law (Codification and Reform) Act [Chapter 9:23] which criminalises the
making of statements which undermine the authority of the president.
During the same month, members of the Criminal Investigations Department raided
Magamba offices and confiscated desktops and laptops.
O’Donovan spent seven days at Chikurubi Maximum Prison in Harare before being granted
bail by the High Court. The offence carries a maximum sentence of 20 years imprisonment.
If past trends are anything to go by, there is high probability that the proposed cybercrimes
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