https://zimbabwe.misa.org

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an open , democratic and accountable nation

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a moral and tolerant nation

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a united and proud nation

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raised inspiration

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broadened national political and policy dialogue and cohesion

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help change strong held attitudes and values

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widen horizons for citizens

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enforce social norms

State of Broadcasting and
Digital Migration in the Region

Access to information is a basic human right and freedom of information is contained in the
Freedom of Information Bill that was passed by the Zimbabwean Parliament as a way of repealing
the repressive Access to Information and Protection of Privacy Act [Chapter 10:27]. Digital migration
is therefore seen as aiding the fulfilment of the rights of Access to Information and Freedom of
Information, at least in theory. What remains to be seen is whether in practice, even after migrating,
the rights and freedoms will be upheld.
In order to establish that, interviews and conversations were held with purposively sampled key
informants in the media sector who included representatives of media organisations, journalists,
media lecturers, media students and those who work in broadcasting. Websites of the Government
of Zimbabwe, media organisations and SADC were also visited in order to get more information
on television digital broadcasting migration and the intended outcomes in terms of access to
information and freedom of information.
The migration to digital is not an overnight process. It is a lengthy one involving signal distributors,
regulators, governments and people (consumers). As far as consumers are concerned, almost all
television sets in Zimbabwe are still analogue receivers and consumers may not have the means to
purchase digitally relevant ones. This may pause problems when it comes to the right of access to
information because there is a barrier in terms of how that information is accessed and millions
will be left out.
It is also apparent that the pressure to go digital in Africa has connections to European interests and
may have little or nothing to do with the African market itself. Freeing up airwaves in Africa is not
demand-led. Thus, the first problem of access to information and freedom of expression in Zimbabwe
in particular, is the lack of awareness by the consumer on what digital migration is and the place of
the consumer in that process. This may mean that digitalisation is coming to many African countries
in which access to information and freedom of information are not given. The question therefore is
that besides the technical aspect of frequencies and bandwidths, what exactly is the problem that
digital migration is trying to solve? Access to information? Freedom of information? This has led
some to conclude that, “in many ways, digital migration – especially in regard to analogue radio in

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