SECTOR 1

and poverty.” Other panellists disagreed: “The rural economy has been integrated
into the cash economy, and most of what people need is not there (on the land).
People can’t get everything from the land. They still need something else. People
working in the urban areas are providing that income.”
As one panellist noted, “freedom of expression is about expressing all opinions”.
People will call the radio or write to the newspapers to complain about the delivery
of services. “But as soon as you probe the reason why services are bad in the first
place, then you are not free to do so. That is now politics.”

Scores:
Individual scores:
1

Country does not meet indicator

2

Country meets only a few aspects of indicator

3

Country meets some aspects of indicator

4

Country meets most aspects of indicator.

5

Country meets all aspects of the indicator

Average score:

1.8 (2009: 1.7; 2007: 2.1; 2005: 1.6)

1.3
There are no laws or parts of laws restricting
freedom of expression such as excessive official
secrets or libel acts, or laws that unreasonably
interfere with the responsibilities of media.
The 2008 Suppression of Terrorism Act is being used to repress dissent under the
guise of addressing international terrorism. The normal legislative process was not
followed when the law was promulgated under a “certificate of urgency” following
a spate of bombings in Swaziland, and there was little opportunity for the public
to debate the new law. The law has a broad definition of “terrorism”, and gives
the authorities in section 28 sweeping powers to declare “an entity” “a specified
entity” if there are “reasonable grounds” that it is about to commit a “terrorist
act”; an “entity” is defined as “a person, group, trust, partnership, fund or an
unincorporated association or organisation”. In 2008, the Prime Minister issued
an official declaration designating four organisations as such ‘specified entities’.
Section 11 criminalises “support” to “terrorist groups” without defining the term

AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER SWAZILAND 2011

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