right to information (art. 9). family and work colleagues, two of his mobile phones and a laptop went missing. The defence and security forces, police officers, political actors and government officials continue to be the main threats to the exercise of journalism in Mozambique. Chamusse would have been forced to open the office of the newspaper near his home for these items to be taken. The co-owner and editor of electronic newspaper Ponto por Ponto and a resident commentator on TV Successo has been described as “a fervent defender of press and expression freedoms”. He was also well known for being a stern critic of the current government. Attacks on journalists In 2023, one of the most tragic attacks in Mozambique was the barbaric murder of journalist João Chamusse, on December 14. In relation to this tragic assassination MISAMozambique organised a demonstration on December 18, which culminated in the submission of a petition to the Attorney General’s Office against impunity for crimes against journalists, including Chamusse’s murder. He was discovered in his garden with a wound on his head and signs of torture marking his body. Although it is not possible to tell if his murder was related to his work — what is suspicious is that, according to Chamusse’s A demonstration organised in December 2023 by MISA Mozambique to demand the end to impunity for crimes against journalists in the country. The demonstration ended with MISA submitting a petition to the Attorney General’s Office, asking for serious actions for crimes against journalists. The demonstration took place just four days after the murder of another Mozambican journalist, João Chamusse. STATE OF PRESS FREEDOM IN SOUTHERN AFRICA 2023 56