SECTOR 4 a donor who also pays an allowance. At other times, it is because the course being offered is taking place outside the country, which is desirable to those in management positions. The University of Zambia offers degrees in mass communication covering media and communication studies. They also offer courses in television and radio production, public relations, and advertising. Degree courses take three to four years, for both regular students and part-time students taking evening classes. Additionally, full-time evening degree classes are offered. The Evelyn Hone College offers diplomas in journalism, public relations, video and radio production. The Cavendish University, a private institution, offers a degree in journalism and mass communication. A great number of journalist’s study before entering the workforce. Others pursue their degrees while working in the industry. To the question of whether students come out of these courses prepared for the job, panellists mentioned internship opportunities given to students at some training facility, as well as the opportunity to make use of in-house radio stations or newspapers. Besides these examples of practical training, there may often be a lack of a supportive infrastructure that can assist in preparing students sufficiently. Media houses also have a role to play in shaping new staff. Given the fact that newsrooms are often understaffed and senior journalists have little time on their hands, it is challenging for many to function as mentors to newcomers. Sometimes senior journalists may even be “looking for you to fail” because they see young, eager degree-holders as competitors. Journalists should also be given the opportunity to advance themselves while in the job through training and courses. According to of the collective agreement of ZUBID members, the employer must facilitate training in the field of digital migration to ensure that employees will be able to keep up with current and future advancements in technology. Generally, a decline in attitude can be observed throughout society, specifically regarding work attitude and skill sets. Several job applicants will barely prepare or will prepare inadequately for job interviews and therefore will not leave a good impression. 64 AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER ZAMBIA 2017