es or imminent dangers to public health,
environment, or safety may be withheld. 4
9.

to ensure the law is fully implemented.
This includes internal procedures and processes and the designation of responsible
officials.

Oversight Bodies. Independent bodies
such as an ombudsperson or information
commissioner should be established to
monitor and hold government bodies and
relevant private entities to account on their
access to information disclosure practices,
to receive and decide upon complaints,
and generally oversee the implementation
of the access to information legislation.
The oversight body should be adequately
funded.

Application of Principles
These principles are essential to development,
democracy, equality, and the provision of public service, and are applicable to, amongst others, the following:
1.

should ensure that the legal frameworks
create an enabling environment allowing
individuals, civil society organisations including trade unions, media organisations,
and private businesses to fully enjoy access to information, thus fostering active
participation in socio-economic life by all,
in particular people living in poverty and
those discriminated against or marginalised.

10. Right to Personal Data. All persons
have a right to access and correct their
personal data held by third parties.
11. Whistleblower Protection. To ensure
the free flow of information in the public
interest, adequate protections against legal, administrative and employment-related sanctions should be provided for those
who disclose information on wrong-doing
and other information in the public interest.
12. Right of Appeal. Everyone has a right
to appeal administratively any action that
hinders or denies access to information or
any failure to proactively disclose information. They have a right to further appeal to
an independent body and to finally seek
judicial review of all limits of their right of
access to information.
13. Duty to Collect and Manage Information. Public and relevant private bodies
have a duty to collect information on their
operations and activities on behalf of their
citizens. They also have a duty to respect
minimum standards in relation to the management of this information to ensure that
it may easily be made accessible to citizens.
14. Duty to Fully Implement. Public and
relevant private bodies have an obligation

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So This is Democracy? 2014

Enabling Environment. Governments

2.

Elections and Electoral Processes:
Governments and election management
bodies have a positive obligation to provide the public with information before,
during and after elections, not to interfere
with media coverage, to encourage public
participation and proactively publish campaign spending and contributions.

3.

Disadvantaged Communities: Governments have a particular obligation to
facilitate access to information by disadvantaged minority groups and minority
language speakers, as well as 5 marginalised groups including women, children,
rural people, the poor and persons with
disabilities. Information should be available at no costs to these groups. This especially applies to information that contributes to the long-term empowerment
of the groups. Governments also have an
obligation to ensure equitable and affordable access to ICTs for those with special
needs and for other disadvantaged persons

Select target paragraph3