SECTOR 4 4.6 Journalists and editors do not practise selfcensorship in the private broadcasting and print media According to the panellists, the culture of fear in society has contributed heavily to self-censorship in the media, which is practised in broadcasting and the private and or independent press. In some cases, it is commercially motivated as editors are very knowledgeable of the political economy of the survival of the media corporations for whom they work. Scores: Individual scores: 1 Country does not meet indicator 2 Country meets only a few aspects of indicator 3 Country meets some aspects of indicator 4 Country meets most aspects of indicator 5 Country meets all aspects of the indicator Average score: Score of previous years: ✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓✓ 2.1 2005=2.3; 2007=4.5; 2009=4.3; 2011=4.6; 2014=2.3 4.7 Media professionals have access to training facilities offering formal qualification programmes as well as opportunities to upgrade skills There are training opportunities for media professionals through which they can obtain formal qualifications. In Maputo alone, there is the School of Journalism and the Higher School of Journalism, the School of Communication and Arts (an organic unit of the University Eduardo Mondlane – UEM), the Pedagogical University and the Polytechnic University, all offering higher-level courses of journalism or communication in general. There are also opportunities outside Maputo – the Higher School of Journalism offers courses in Chimoio, Manica, with the same happening at the Catholic University in Nampula and the Delegation of the Pedagogic University in Beira. Short-term opportunities, aimed mainly at the enhancement of professional skills, exist but have become less interesting, reported the panel. Some panellists stated that the lack of the payment of per diems works as a disincentive. On the other hand, it is considered that if prioritisation of needs was carried out there would be more interest in them, since the courses would result from an objective exercise of identification of needs by the potential beneficiaries, rather than to fulfil agendas foreign to journalism by the promoters of the capacity building activities. 44 AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER MOZAMBIQUE 2018