THE WAY FORWARD 1. 52 What were the developments in the media environment in the last three years? • The Communication Code was adopted, the amendments made and the ongoing revision is positive. The new revisions partly address the requests of journalists and communication professionals. The decriminalisation of custodial sentences (new article 20) is a fundamental achievement, even if the fines are excessive. • The Cybercrime Act was amended in 2016. • The return in 2018 of the Malagasy Broadcasting System (MBS) press group close to former President Marc Ravalomanana, which ensures a minimum of balance in the media landscape. • The VIVA press group of the new President of the Republic Andry Rajoelina, elected in 2018, is growing stronger. The Head of State is particularly attentive and sensitive to the media and the information being broadcast. • The disappearance of the influential media group RLM Communication, close to former President Hery Rajaonarimampia. Its owner was arrested on 13 February 2019 and taken into police custody. A series of charges (including abuse of corporate assets, money laundering and bad cheques) have been brought against him. • There has been an increase in programmes that promote culture in the public service. • There are more educational programmes and the media are talking more about unions and workers’ concerns. • Faith-based media are increasingly dominant and have a growing influence. • The pre-eminence of social media in public debates and the growth of online media are among fundamental changes in the media landscape. • The national coverage of private stations, through DTT, opens up a choice perspective for citizens. AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER MADAGASCAR 2019