People living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHIV) constituted a mere four
per cent of sources for all news items, compared to 42 per cent of
government officials and officials representing international organizations. PLHIV were most often used as sources in Swaziland (10 per
cent), Tanzania (seven per cent) and South Africa (six per cent). In
Malawi no PLHIV were used as sources in the period under review.
Despite the disproportionate burden of the pandemic borne by
women, who constitute the highest proportion of those living with
HIV as well as provide most of the care, they constituted only 39 per
cent of sources overall. Men’s voices dominated in all topic categories, except for care.
The bulk of the coverage (40 per cent) centered on prevention but
issues such as sexual power relations, mother-to-child transmission,
intergenerational sex, gender-based violence and cultural practices
as sub-topics of prevention received limited coverage.
Care and support received a mere 16 per cent of total coverage.
Within this topic category, orphans and vulnerable children received
the greatest attention, with home-based care (often a euphemism
for unpaid women’s work) receiving only minimal mention.
In the area of treatment, the media focused on anti-retrovirals (32
per cent) and the medical aspects of AIDS (27 per cent), while positive living, the role of nutrition and where to go for help received only
marginal mention. The impact of the epidemic received a mere five
per cent of coverage, suggesting that the media still views HIV and
AIDS as a health rather than a developmental matter.

2.2.2 The challenge of ethical reporting
The media has a responsibility to promote a human rights approach
to editorial coverage that gives a voice to women and men, people
living with HIV and all interest groups, and challenges stereotypes
around HIV and AIDS and its gender dimensions. This is what ethical
and diverse reporting means.
As opinion shapers, the media has tremendous influence in society.
People rely on the news and information presented in the media, and
what becomes newsworthy often forms part of the public agenda.
The media may not entirely change behavior, but through sustained
reporting of the pandemic, it can create the necessary impact in
terms of awareness and behavioral change. It can play a critical role

Annual Report 2006

HOW DOES MAP WORK?
The Southern African Editors’ Forum (SAEF), which
comprises representatives from the national editors’ forums of countries in the SADC region, is the
overall coordinator of MAP. The HIV & AIDS and
Gender Mainstreaming Committee of SAEF works
in partnership with organizations in the region
that promote freedom of expression and media
professionalism in the implementation of MAP.
Lead agencies coordinate the work of the different
sub-sectors, including raising funds for, and managing activities. The sub sectors and lead agencies
are:
·
·
·
·
·

Newsroom policies: Gender Links and MISA
through GEMSA;
Ethics: AED;
Training: PANOS;
Research and monitoring: MMP;
Information and Resources: SAFAIDS.

The lead agencies convene reference groups comprising the various partner organizations. These
include: the Media Institute of Southern Africa
(MISA), UNAIDS Regional Support Team for Eastern and Southern Africa, Gender Links, Gender
and Media Southern Africa Network (GEMSA),
Institute for the Advancement of Journalism (IAJ),
Inter Press Service (IPS), Media Monitoring Project
(MMP), SADC NGO Consortium, SAFAIDS, Wits
School of Journalism, Zambian Institute of Mass
Communication (ZAMCOM), Rhodes University,
NSJ. SAEF will annually convene the Media Partners Consultation where feedback will be provided
on progress made in achieving the objectives of
the Media Action Plan (MAP).

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