and TVM which do not have boards of directors. Instead, their chief executives report directly to the Minister of Communication. SCORES: Individual scores: 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 Average score: 1.1 3.6 Persons who have vested interests of a political or commercial nature are excluded from possible membership in the board, i.e. office bearers with the state and political parties as well as those with a financial interest in the broadcasting industry. ANALYSIS: The Office of Malagasy Radio and Television (ORTM) as well as national television (TVM) and national radio (RNM) do not have a board of directors. SCORES: Individual scores: 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 Average score: 1.0 3.7 The editorial independence of the public broadcaster from commercial pressure and political influence is guaranteed by law and practised. ANALYSIS: No legal provision guarantees the editorial independence of the national radio (RNM) and national television (TVM) vis-à-vis any commercial pressure and any political influence. SCORES: Individual scores: 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2 38