FOOTNOTES 1 The Uganda Cluster, a coalition of human rights groups working on freedom of expression locally, are part of the submitting organisations and include the following: Human Rights Network for Journalists Uganda (HRNJ-U); Freedom of Expression Hub (FOE-HUB); Collaboration on International ICT Policy in East Africa (CIPESA); National Coalition of Human Rights Defenders Uganda (NCHRD-U); Editors’ Guild; Entebbe Journalist Association; Federation of Women Lawyers Association (FIDA-Uganda); Human Rights Defenders Network, Busoga; Kabarole Research Centre FM 102 (KRC); National Association of Broadcasters (NAB); Northern Uganda Media Club; Unwanted Witness; Umbrella For Journalists; Uganda Media Women’s Association/MAMA FM; Uganda Media Development Foundation; Uganda Parliamentary Press Association; Uganda Journalists Association; Teso Broadcasting Service; Teso Karamoja Media Agency; Tororo Media Practitioners Association; Twerwaneho Listeners Club and West Nile Press Association. 2 Reporters Without Borders, ‘2021 World Press Freedom Index: Uganda ranked 125 out of 180 countries https://rsf.org/en/ranking. 12 Vision Editor charged over Kayihura story https://archives.visiongroup.co.ug/vision/NewVisionaApi/v 1/uploads/NV011117pg04.pdf. 3 Ghetto Media Cameraman Ashraf Kasirye Shot in Masaka https://ugandaradionetwork.net/story/gheto-media-camera -man-ashraf-kasirye-shot-in-masaka. 13 4 Journalists injured as police turn guns on the media https://acme-ug.org/28/12/2020/journalists-injured-as-pol ice-turn-guns-on-the-media/. 5 IGP to journalists: “We beat you for your own good” https://nilepost.co.ug/08/01/2021/igp-to-journalists-we-be at-you-for-your-own-good/. 6 Military police beat up journalists covering Bobi Wine petition to UN https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/military -police-beat-up-journalists-covering-bobi-wine-petition-to -un-3294654. 7 BBC, ‘Uganda election: Internet restored but social media blocked’ https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55705404. 8 Daily Monitor, ‘Govt lifts internet shutdown imposed over election’ https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/govt-lift s-internet-shutdown-imposed-over-election-3286184. 9 Daily Monitor, ‘Government wants Google to close 14 Ugandan YouTube channels’ https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/governm ent-wants-google-to-close-14-ugandan-youtube-channels-3 229752. 10 Juliet Nanfuka, ‘Social Media Tax Cuts Ugandan Internet Users by Five Million, Penetration Down From 47% to 35%’ https://cipesa.org/01/2019/%EF%BB%BFsocial-media-taxcuts-ugandan-internet-users-by-five-million-penetration-d own-from-47-to-35/ 11 Daniel Mwesigwa, ‘Uganda Abandons Social Media Tax But Slaps New Levy on Internet Data’ https://cipesa.org/07/2021/uganda-abandons-social-mediatax-but-slaps-new-levy-on-internet-data/. Ugandan editor charged with criminal libel and ‘offensive communication’ https://cpj.org/06/2019/ugandan-editor-charged-with-crim inal-libel-and-off/. 14 The Daily Monitor, ‘Bobi Wine coverage: UCC directs NBS TV to suspend staff,’ 1st/May/2020. https://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Bobi-Wine-UC C-NBS-TV-staff-FDC-Nagalama/142-5095806-688334ikq6 z/index.html. 15 Joe Parkinson, Nicholas Bariyo and Josh Chin, ‘Huawei Technicians Helped African Governments Spy on Political Opponents’ The Wall Street Journal, August 2019 ,15 https://www.wsj.com/articles/huawei-technicians-helped-a frican-governments-spy-on-political-opponents-115657930 17. 16 Salem Solomon, ‘In Uganda, Dissidents Adapt to Evade Huawei Assisted Government Spying’ https://www.voanews.com/africa/uganda-dissidents-adaptevade-huawei-assisted-government-spying. 17 Stephen Kafeero, ‘Uganda is using Huawei’s facial recognition tech to crack down on dissent after anti-government protests,’ https://qz.com/africa/1938976/uganda-uses-chinas-huawei -facial-recognition-to-snare-protesters/. 18 George Okello, ‘Security confirm 836 arrests, 45 deaths in Bobi Wine protests’ https://www.pmldaily.com/news/11/2020/security-confirm -836-arrests-45-deaths-in-bobi-wine-protests.html. 19 PML Daily ‘Nobody is above the law! ISO boss justifies raid on MTN data centre’ https://www.pmldaily.com/news/07/2018/nobody-is-above -the-law-iso-boss-justifies-raid-on-mtn-data-centre.html.