AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER MOZAMBIQUE 2011 Summary he fourth round of the African Media Barometer (AMB) assessment for Mozambique took place from 27 to 29 May 2011. he debates stressed that Mozambique is a State with the rule of law based on a multi-party democracy that has existed since 1990, when the irst Constitution establishing a multi-party system was approved, including a chapter on the fundamental freedoms of citizens. he irst multi-party elections were held in 1994, two years after the end of a prolonged war that lasted 16 years. Since then, regular elections have been held every ive years. All the elections have since been won by the Frelimo party, which has governed the country since its independence in 1975. In the last elections, held in 2009, Frelimo substantially increased its parliamentary majority to 191 of the 250 deputies elected through a proportional representation system. Renamo, the main opposition party, obtained 51 seats and the Mozambique Democratic Movement obtained eight. According to data from the last population census in 2007, the country has 20 579 265 inhabitants, 30% of whom live in urban areas. Women comprise 52% of the total population. he Government’s Five-Year Plan (2010–2014) indicates that most people in Mozambique are young. 45.7% are young people under the age of 15. Freedom of expression, including press freedom, is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Mozambique. Article 48(1) of the Constitution of the Republic states that “all citizens have the right to freedom of expression, press freedom, and the right to information”. his is further supported by other complementary legislation, speciically Law 18/91 of 10 August, also known as the Press Law. For its part, Article 3(2) of the Press Law states that, “no citizen’s employment can be harmed due to the legitimate exercise of his right to express his thoughts freely through the press”. he same law guarantees journalists’ professional conidentiality of their sources of information. Article 30 (1) of the Press Law states: “Journalists’ right to professional secrecy regarding the source of the information they publish or broadcast is recognised; their silence cannot be subject to any kind of penalty”. AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER MOZAMBIQUE 2011 71