SECTOR 1 The publisher or editor of any publication may not be compelled to disclose the source of any matter printed in a publication. However, sub article 3 of the same provision spells out two exceptions to this rule: The Court may order the publisher or editor of the publication to disclose the source of information: (a) where a crime is committed against the Constitutional Order, National Defence Force or security of the State constituting clear and imminent danger, or (b) in the case of proceedings of a serious crime, where such source does not have any alternative and is decisive for the outcome of the case. Scores: Individual scores: 1 Country does not meet indicator 2 Country meets only a few aspects of indicator 3 Country meets some aspects of indicator 4 Country meets most aspects of indicator 5 Country meets all aspects of the indicator Average score: 4.3 1.8 Public information is easily guaranteed by law, to all citizens. accessible, The Constitution in its article 29 (3) provides for the right to “access to information of public interest.” Access to public information is also guaranteed by article 12 of the Freedom of the Mass Media and Access to Information Proclamation of 2008 which guarantees “all persons the right to seek, obtain and communicate any information held by public bodies.” The right includes inspection of documents, taking extracts and notes, and obtaining certified copies, diskettes or any other electronic modes. The right to access public information is not unrestricted. Articles 15 – 25 contain a list of “exempted information” which is “so long that real access is limited”, as one panellist put it. This list includes, for example, information relating to a third party, commercial information about a third party, proceedings of law enforcement and 18 AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER ETHIOPIA 2010