SECTOR 4 facilities offering formal qualification programmes as well as opportunities to upgrade skills A range of universities and training opportunities are available to practising and aspiring journalists throughout Nigeria. Most of the leading public and private universities run journalism degree programmes and an uncountable number of institutes offer diploma courses. Donor-funded training is available but is often narrowly focused on specific topics or techniques. Themes such as gender, environmental change and disability issues have become popular in recent years, while new journalism techniques like datadriven journalism or fact-checking have attracted the interest of many trainees. Specialised training is quite popular among practising journalists seeking to take their journalism to a new level. Several professional training centres have been created around the country offering short courses, including in investigative journalism. In-house training opportunities are not widespread but very well-structured in some news organisations. The NTA and FRCN have training centres which new recruits must attend. These centres increasingly receive students from other news organisations. Several private newspapers often organise seminars with experts to introduce reporters to certain technical fields such as law and economics. Most training now takes place at home, but Nigerian journalists still travel abroad for additional or further education. Scores: Individual scores: 1 Country does not meet indicator 2 Country meets only a few aspects of indicator 3 Country meets some aspects of indicator 4 Country meets most aspects of indicator 5 Country meets all aspects of the indicator Average score: Score of previous years: ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓ ✓ ✓✓✓ ✓✓ 3.5 2008: 3.5; 2011: 3.3; 2015: 4.1 4.8 Equal opportunities regardless of race or ethnicity, 51 AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER NIGERIA 2019