SECTOR 4 Scores: Individual scores: 1 Country does not meet indicator 2 Country meets only a few aspects of indicator 3 Country meets some aspects of indicator 4 Country meets most aspects of indicator 5 Country meets all aspects of the indicator Average score: 2.3 (2012 = 1.8; 2010 = 1.5; 2008 = 2.0; 2006 = 2.1) 4.7 Media professionals have access to training facilities offering formal qualification programmes as well as opportunities to upgrade skills. There has been a blossoming of media training institutions in Tanzania in recent years, most of which are centred in the capital, Dar es Salaam. It is more difficult to access similar training in rural areas. The School of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Dar es Salaam, which offers degree programmes for a Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Journalism, BA in Mass Communication, BA in Public Relations and Advertising and Master of Arts (MA) in Mass Communication. The Journalism and Media Studies Department at the Open University in Zanzibar offers a BA in Journalism and a BA in Mass Communication, as well as the post-graduate MA in Mass Communication and MA in Journalism. The Open University has a number of branches across the country and also offers certificate and diploma courses. The Kilimanjaro Film Institute offers excellent training for camera people. Many institutions also offer in-house training to media houses. There are four other universities and many colleges in Tanzania that offer some form of journalism training, fellowships and scholarships, and there are also online courses. A handful of journalism schools have had their licences revoked by the government for not offering credible training. Some media houses, such as the Clouds Media Group or the publishers of Mwananchi and The Citizen, encourage their staff to improve their qualifications with further studying. The media house and the staff member each pay 50% of the tuition costs. “Not all media owners are willing to allow their staff to take time off work to study full-or part-time.” 64 AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER Tanzania 2015