Constitutional Position and Role of the Judge in a Civil Society.” Commonwealth Jud. J, December 2000 at 9. ‘The essence of human rights lies in the existence within the fabric of the law of a code of unalterable rules affecting the rights of the individual. Human rights have a universal dimension, they are perceived as inherent in man constituting the inborn attributes of human existence to be enjoyed at all times in all circumstances and at every place.’ [3] [2] The substratum of all human rights is the right of dignity. It is the source from which all other human rights are derived. Dignity unites the other human rights into a whole. [3] It is universally recognized that human dignity is firstly the dignity of each human being as a human being. In this encapsulates the viewpoint that human dignity includes the equality of human beings. Discrimination infringes on a person’s dignity. Human dignity is a person’s freedom of will. This is the freedom of choice given to people to develop their personalities and determine their own fate. Human dignity is infringed if a person’s life or physical and mental welfare is harmed. It is infringed when a person lives or is subjected to humiliating conditions which negate his humanity. It envisages a society predicated on the desire to protect the human dignity of each of its members. [4] Even though this matter is not steeped in constitutional damages, it is important that we observe that human dignity is itself a right protected under the Constitution Act 2005, via section 18 as read with section 14 (1) (e) thereof.” Yes, indeed the right of human dignity is guaranteed by the Constitution Act, via sections 14 (1) (e) and 18 thereof, in the following words:- “14 (1) The fundamental human rights and freedoms of the individual enshrined in this chapter are hereby declared and guaranteed namely------------ (e) Protection from inhuman and degrading treatment, slavery and forced labour, arbitrary search and entry; ----- 18 (1) The dignity of every person is inviolable. 3