Nigeria’s 2011 Freedom of Information (FOI) Act is considered the most important
piece of media regulation enacted in recent years and has helped to “push the
frontiers”. But there are “challenges in compliance”.
In the absence of any law or regulation, individuals and institutions in Nigeria
can create and run websites, blogs and other digital platforms without seeking
authorisation. But citizens are now required to register their SIM cards before
accessing mobile telephony services, although it is hard to argue that this
constitutes a restriction to producing and distributing digital content.
Nigeria has many organisations promoting and protecting the interest of media
and journalists. Media organisations and other civil society groups regularly
advocate for the protection of press freedom.
When it comes to news and information outlets or sources, Nigeria has them in
all formats and in good number: newspapers, radio stations, television channels
and increasingly online news sites. Accessibility and affordability is, however, not
so straightforward to predict, since they differ from one sector to the next and are
determined by multiple factors.
Although years of advocacy for the rights of women and other minorities have
produced positive results in the Nigerian media, bias against women has not
completely gone away. Men’s views are still favoured when discussing “important”
issues like politics, business, conflicts and current affairs. Even though women
and children are the main victims of the ongoing armed conflict in the north of
the country, news reports hardly reflect this reality.
Fewer women also rise to important positions in newsrooms, even though most
of the brightest students from journalism schools and faculties are usually young
women.
No sector is taboo in the Nigerian media. They cover a wide range of issues,
particularly politics, business, culture, entertainment, economy, and religion.
Investigative journalism, however, is still a work in progress.
Advertising is a powerful tool in the hand of government officials and agencies,
and is used to influence the editorial posture of media organisations. They
routinely use the placement of adverts to either reward friendly organs, or to
punish those considered hostile or friendly to political and business rivals.
Public broadcasting is governed by several Acts setting up each Federal public
broadcaster. These include the Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria Act, the
Voice of Nigeria Act and the Nigerian Television Authority Act. States also have
laws setting up state broadcasters, and these vary in form and content from state
to state and media organisation to media organisation.

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AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER NIGERIA 2015

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