SECTOR 4 4.8 Salary levels and general working conditions for journalists and other media practitioners are adequate. Salaries for journalists working for mainstream media houses are fairly adequate. Journalists are paid well at SABC, but their working conditions leave much to be desired. Salaries for journalists at community radio stations range from fair to non-existent. Working conditions are deteriorating all the time because of constant staff cuts. Fewer people are doing more and end up working long unsociable shifts. Scores: Individual scores: 1 Country does not meet indicator 2 Country meets only a few aspects of indicator 3 Country meets some aspects of indicator 4 Country meets most aspects of indicator. 5 Country meets all aspects of the indicator Average score: 2.9 (2008 = n/a; 2006 = n/a) 4.9 Media professionals have access to training facilities offering formal qualification programmes as well as opportunities to upgrade skills. Journalism and/or media studies and qualifications are available at most universities. A few universities also offer post-graduate journalism degrees, for example Witwatersrand University in Johannesburg, Rhodes University in Grahamstown and the University of Stellenbosch. The Johannesburg-based Institute for the Advancement of Journalism (IAJ) is currently doing an assessment of training needs in the industry and findings show that in general the quantity and quality of training offered has declined over the years. There is a disconnect between the skills needed in the working environment and the training offered, due to a lack of formal relationships between academic institutions and the media industry. 66 AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER SOUTH AFRICA 2010