C5. In Tanzania the issue of media ownership in Tanzania has been hotly debated and it has been referred to media owners as it is seen as an investment policy matter as well. Awareness raising for public and policy makers on the African Charter on Broadcasting in order to trigger discussion on the Charter, formulate and lobby for policy that is wanted was held in Zanzibar. The Zanzibar Broadcasting Commission was also represented in the workshop. The workshop drew together 38 participant showing the importance of the workshop and the need for more advocacy work. The deliberations made were very useful for the Chapter’s future plans. C6. In Zambia the major objective was to campaign for the establishment of an Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) and amendment of the Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC). The same methods used for the establishment of the Freedom of Information bill were used for the above bills. The first part of the project concentrated on lobbying Parliamentarians from both the ruling Movement for Multi- party Democracy (MMD) and the opposition. It was essential for the MPs to be empowered with adequate information for informed debate in parliament. The public, through radio, television and newspapers were also sensitised on the IBA Act alongside distribution of fliers discussing independent broadcasting regulation. Field visits to broadcast operations were also conducted to explain the new legislation and how it would affect them. The collapse of the private members’ initiative resulting room the speaker’s decision to disallow the three bills provided an opportunity for the government of gazette their own bills, whose contents were largely adopted from the private bills. Collectively, the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) and Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC) Amendment bills, after extensive amendments that were presented by ZIMA and its partners, to Parliament, went through the committee stage on December 18, 2002 and were signed by the President, Levy Mwanawasa, on December 31, 2002. Under the new Independent Broadcasting Authority Act No. 17 of 2002 and ZNBC (Amendment) Act No. 20 of 2002 respectively, the board members of both the IBA and ZNBC will be appointed by the Minister on recommendation from the appointments committees, subject to ratification by the national assembly. In addition, ZNBC will now collect license fees while licensing and regulatory powers have been transferred from the minister to the IBA. The campaign was spearheaded by ZIMA in conjunction with the Press Association of Zambia (PAZA), Society of Senior Journalists 26