SECTOR 1 to Article 20 of the Constitution, guaranteeing freedom of expression. In effect, based on the High Court’s ruling, the Section should be repealed but Government has not yet acted on the ruling. There are no legal requirements that restrict the entry into the journalistic profession. Anybody can be a journalist, “you just pick up a pen.” Statutory media regulation, including licensing and accreditation for journalists, was an issue pushed for by the Movement for MultiParty Democracy (MMD) during their time in power6. This matter was not taken up by the PF after they came into power. The Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) could potentially interfere with the functioning of the media, even though the body was established to provide guidance. Scores: Individual scores: 1 Country does not meet indicator 2 Country meets only a few aspects of indicator 3 Country meets some aspects of indicator 4 Country meets most aspects of indicator 5 Country meets all aspects of the indicator Average score: 2.3 (2013:2.6; 2011:n/a; 2009:n/a; 2007:n/a; 2005:n/a) 1.4 The government makes every effort to honour regional and international instruments on freedom of expression and freedom of the media. Zambia has signed up to basically “any and all regional and international instruments” concerning media and other issues. However, when it comes to the domestication and implementation of these instruments, Zambia “falls short.” Given the legal system in Zambia, international and regional treaty obligations are not automatically applicable and only become domestic law once they have been enacted by the legislature. 6 18 The MMD was the ruling party in Zambia between 1991 and 2011. AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER ZAMBIA 2017