SECTOR 1 1.2 The right to freedom of expression is practised and citizens, including journalists, are asserting their rights without fear. Panelists expressed mixed views on the level of freedom of expression in the country, but agreed that the degree to which freedom of expression is exercised by citizens and journalists is dependent on different factors, which include; the topic under discussion, the level of prominence of the person exercising their right to express themselves and the platform used to voice one’s opinion. In terms of citizens, “when individuals are critical of the state, that is where this freedom is affected;” but when it comes to general issues of public interest, people will speak freely. This, however, “depends on who they are.” An ordinary citizen not in the public eye will mostly be able to speak freely without repercussions. However, high profile individuals who are known in society (politicians, businessmen and other people with a high level of influence), may speak publicly without fear, but this may result in refusal by media outlets to give him/her coverage and share the views expressed. Following the general elections in 2016, political leaders of the opposition were free to question the legitimacy of the president without negative consequences. This freedom of criticism, however, depended on their party affiliation; criticism of members of one’s own party could have serious consequences. An example was given of a minister who did not cross over to the next term; not because he was outspoken but instead because he was, “very objective”, and because of his statements he “just disappeared into oblivion.” Call-in radio programmes seem to be the preferred platform for citizens to express themselves and “put government on the spot.” “Some are brave enough to state their names,” but people usually prefer to stay anonymous. A new trend that has been impacting callers has been the belittling of audiences by politicians. It has been observed that when, during a radio talk show programme, a politician feels criticised by a citizen who calls in to voice a personal opinion, the politician, whether from the ruling party or from the opposition, will respond in a very demeaning manner. “You have a small brain,” was a comment made to one particular caller. “Depending on what you say you can either be hit back or you can be encouraged to speak.” 14 AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER ZAMBIA 2017