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or office and as salutary for private persons who make themselves
or their work the object of public interest. The legal position is that
although criticism of government and of public functionaries was
not always so freely allowed, as to day, it is now fully recognised as
one of the essential elements of freedom of speech which is not to
be whittled down by legal refinement: See Winfield on Tort 17th
Edition [2006], pages 552-553. Winfield further state that there
are three requisites of fair comment.

One is that the comment

must be an observation or inference from facts, not an assertion of
fact. Second is that the matter commented on must be of public
interest.

Third is that the comment must be fair or objective; it

should not be actuated by malice. Malice vitiates fair comment.
Gatley is of the same view.
statement of opinion on facts.

He defines comment as a
He observes: “A libellous

statement of fact is not a comment or criticism on anything.
It is comment to say that a certain act which a man has done
is disgraceful or dishonourable; it is an allegation of fact to
say that he did the act so criticised.” He adds that the facts
upon which the comment is based must be true. That a writer may
not suggest or invent facts, or adopt as true or untrue statements
of facts made by others and then comment on them on the
assumption that they are true. That if the facts upon which the
comment purports to be made do not exist, the defence of fair
comment must fail: See Gatlely on Libel and Slander 5th Edition
[1960], paragraphs 587, 588 and 600.

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