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In 2012, the Angolan political landscape was dominated almost entirely by
the preparation and organisation of the
country’s first general elections under
the new constitution, approved in 2010.
For the media, the elections were an important test of its credibility, with a performance that was far from deserving
of consensus, but in general, with poor
grades accorded to the performance of
the public media for their bias and lack
of impartiality.

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According to the new Constitution
- boycotted by UNITA, the largest opposition party – Angola no longer has
presidential and legislative elections
held separately, these having made way
for general elections that at once elect
members of the National Assembly (unicameral parliament) and - indirectly - the
President of the Republic.
In terms of a political system, the new
and controversial Angolan constitutional
model in the assessment of its critics was
designed exclusively to serve the interests
of the continuation and perpetuation in
power of President José Eduardo dos



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Santos (JES) and the MPLA, which have
ruled the country for more than 37 years,
i.e. since Angola became independent on
11 November 1975.
The single party list was thus adopted as the main instrument for the vote,
each party with its list, with the first two
names on each list automatically the
candidates for the presidency and vicepresidency of the republic, with the remaining members competing for the 230
seats available in parliament. In terms of
the system, it is not necessary to get 50%
of the vote, thus making it possible for
candidates and the party with the most
votes to be declared winners without a
runoff election. The MPLA won the elections held in August 2012 with more than
70% of the vote, which corresponds to a
qualified majority that allows it to govern
the country without any kind of political
difficulty.
UNITA, which had a better showing
than in the previous election in 2008,
challenged the officially declared results
across the board, accusing the Government of having promoted and organised
an extensive electoral fraud. Even after
all the appeals at the level of election
disputes were rejected by the competent
authorities, especially the Constitutional
Court, UNITA announced that it would

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