Notes on classification The list and definitions of classifications in So This Is democracy? - which makes up the bulk of the content of this book - are assigned to specific categories. Actual alerts issued by MISA are indicated by the ALERT in the top right hand corner of the entry. In all, there are 11 categories: Beaten Bombed Censored Legislated Detained Expelled Killed Sentenced Threatened Victory Others As indicated above, the categories are arranged in alphabetical order. Below is a description of each category. Each category captures a fairly broad range of incidents, and more than just the single word it is represented by. Nevertheless, each category is an accurate summation of incidents that are not too dissimilar with respect to their nature and the manner in which they affect the individual media workers and/or the media in general. Except for victory, the categories make up a list of the various types of violations media workers can experience during the course of or as a result of their work: KILLED - This tops the list in terms of severity, and there is no need to explain why. Included under this category, however, are incidents where journalists have been kidnapped or gone missing, and have disappeared. For the purpose of this publication, that means that any incidents involving the latter will add to the statistics of this category. The statistic given is for the number of media workers involved, as opposed to the number of incidents reported. BEATEN - This includes incidents where journalists are assaulted, attacked physically, tortured, or wounded during the course of their work. The statistic given is for the number of media workers involved. BOMBED - This includes incidents where a home of a journalist or the office of a media house/outlet/organisation is sabotaged through bombing, arson, vandalism, theft, or is raided or occupied forcibly. The statistic given is for the number of media workers or media organisations involved. DETAINED - This involves a media worker being put behind bars. It can be legal or illegal and includes being sentenced to a jail term or being detained (without charge, incommunicado, preventative, arrest). The statistic given is for the number of media workers involved. CENSORED - This is where information is suppressed or prevented from being published, or where media workers are somehow or other prevented from getting their information out. It involves straightforward censorship such as a banning, a gagging order, order for excisions, preventing the publication of information through legislative restrictions, e.g. public officials or the courts, and interdicts, court orders or civil litigation resulting in the suppression of information. It also involves a publication or broadcaster or programme being shut down or suspended, as well as incidents where equipment and/or materials are confiscated. The statistic given is for the number of media workers or media organisations involved. So This Is Democracy? 2007 -1- Media Institute of Southern Africa