Although the newspapers are a predominantly urban medium, the three dailies make efforts to deliver a limited amount of copies to rural areas as well. The privately-owned Post uses its own courier service to deliver copies daily to all provincial centers and accessible districts. The state-run Daily Mail and the Times of Zambia use public service buses to distribute theirs to provincial centers and rural towns. SCORES: Individual scores: 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 5, 2, 2 Average score: 2.8 2.4 Broadcasting legislation has been passed and is implemented providing for a conducive environment for public and commercial broadcasting. ANALYSIS: The relevant laws, the Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (Amendment) Act and the Independent Broadcasting Authority Act, were passed by parliament in 2002 and are in force. It would seem, therefore, that there is a conducive environment for public and commercial broadcasting. However, enforcement or administration of the laws has been partial only, causing a legal limbo in this field. In the case of the ZNBC (Amendment) Act, the television license fee clause has been effected, permitting the state broadcaster to collect fees from viewers. This was obviously in the interest of the state which seeks to cut down on its budgetary subsidies to ZNBC. The more important parts of both new acts – the transfer of controlling powers from the state to independent boards – have not been implemented. Appointment committees – consisting mainly of civil society representatives – have duly appointed the members of the boards, but the Minister of Information and Broadcasting Services refuses to pass on the names to parliament for ratification. The case is currently in the courts. Until the case is resolved, the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) cannot be established and the ZNBC is still controlled by a government appointed board. SCORES: Individual scores: 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 2 Average score: 2.1 2.5 Community broadcasting enjoys special promotion, given its potential to broaden access by poor and rural communities. ANALYSIS: The growing number of new stations is evidence of the support and attention given to community broadcasting in Zambia. Radio Mazabuka is an example of a community station born out of collaboration between UNESCO and the Zambian government. The Media Trust Fund actively supports the establishment of new stations and provides support for programming content. It is planning to assist in the start of 5 new community radio stations over the next 4 years. SCORES: Individual scores: 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 4 Average score: 4 So This Is Democracy? 2005 -269- Media Institute of Southern Africa