For the media the most crucial element of the Constitution is the explicit guarantee
of freedom of expression, media freedom and access to public information. In
practice, public information remains largely inaccessible to the media and the
wider public.
The only officials permitted to speak on behalf of government are permanent
secretaries within ministries and they are not easily accessible or available for
comment. The role of the official government spokesperson seems to be that of
managing information rather than facilitating access to the information that the
public or the media may be seeking.
The public and more specifically the media, also have to deal with the bureaucracy
of putting in a formal request for information. This process takes so long, that if
and when the information is released it is outdated and irrelevant.
Despite the events of the past few years, Kenyans at every level of society are
exercising their rights with vigour, by speaking openly and candidly especially
about politics and politicians. A group of artists working in plain sight of the
general public sprayed a prominent wall in the city centre with graffiti which
depicted politicians as overbearing vultures ruling over the general populace. A
few hours into their exertions they were being filmed by television crews and the
incident was eventually put on air. Participants pointed out that this would have
never been allowed by State authorities few years ago.
The media on the other hand continue to restrain themselves from commenting
on certain political issues for fear of being targeted by politicians or the State. It
is standard practice for many journalists to write explicitly about a contentious
subject then lie low for a while and eventually reappear in public a few days later
when the storm has subsided.
Growth of the media industry is a paradox. Print media products have increased in
diversity and range which has automatically translated into increased readership
yet print runs have been reduced because circulation figures have dropped. The
print media is considered pricey at a cost of US60 cents per issue. Known for
their enterprising spirit, Kenyan vendors have overcome this problem by renting
out daily newspapers for a nominal fee for an hour or two. Once the person
has read the paper it is handed back to the vendor who will place it back on the
newsstand.
The steady interest in print media could be attributed to the fact that the
mainstream media has shifted its focus slightly on the type of news it carries. The
larger papers have started including more local stories from different parts of the
country instead of concentrating on political and urban centred news.
Television audiences have grown in number and at 7pm every evening the majority
of Kenyans tune into a specific channel of their choice to catch the main news

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AFRICAN MEDIA BAROMETER KENYA 2012

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