Third, if prevention of fraud is a legitimate interest for Chad
Gore Medical Scheme, and even other end users, do the
individual interests override the legitimate interest. At this
stage, the data controller is asking whether the decision is
proportionate, or the interests of the data subject, which is
the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, override
the data controller’s legitimate interests.

SENSITIVE
INFORMATION

Considerations on Legitimate Interest
While these are not exhaustive, a data subject can inquire
if these have been met, while data controller must ensure
these are satisfied.
• There are no other grounds for processing and legitimate
basis is the most relevant.
• There is a record of assessing that legitimate interest is
the only relevant.
• The controller or processor has identified the interest
and not just vaguely stated.
• The controller has checked that processing is:
o Necessary and no other way of achieving the result
o Balancing of interests and that data subject interests
are protected but they do not override legitimate
interests
o Proportionate means were used and not to invade
into data subject privacy

This provision refers to sensitive data under Part I of the Act.
Sensitive information requires safeguards as its unlawful
collection or processing might result in grave violations for
the data subject. There are several options for the processing
of sensitive information.

Consent is required

P POINTS TO REMEMBER
From this section, what is important to note that processing
of personal information can occur without the consent of the
data subject if any other lawful or legitimate ground exists,
unless if the other fundamental rights override these
provisions. Further, the data controller stating that there are
legitimate interests without stating what those are is not
enough to constitute a lawful processing.

First, consent is required, and it must be explicit, and in
writing from the data subject. The data controller cannot
process sensitive data without explicit consent under Section
11 (1) of the Act.

Consent can be withdrawn
Further, Section 11 (2) of the Act allows for consent to be
withdrawn, at any time free of charge. Even in instances of
consent, the Authority is permitted under Section 11 (3) of
the Act to refuse the consent to processing of sensitive
information.

M I S A

Z I M B A B W E

•

G U I D E

T O

T H E

Z I M B A B W E A N

C Y B E R

A N D

D A T A

P R O T E C T I O N

A C T

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