The African Media Barometer Score sheet / Indicators Sector 1 Freedom of expression, including freedom of the media, are effectively protected and promoted 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Freedom of expression, including freedom of the media, is guaranteed in the constitution and protected by other pieces of legislation. The right to freedom of expression is practised and citizens, including journalists, are asserting their rights without fear. There are no laws restricting freedom of expression such as excessive official secret or libel acts, or laws that unreasonably interfere with the responsibilities of media. Entry into and practise of the journalistic profession is legally unrestricted. Protection of confidential sources of information is guaranteed by law. Public information is easily accessible, guaranteed by law, to all citizens, including journalists. Civil society in general and media lobby groups actively advance the cause of media freedom. Sector 2 The media landscape is characterised by diversity, independence and sustainability 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 A wide range of sources of information (print, broadcasting, internet) is available and affordable to citizens. Citizens’ access to domestic and international media sources is not restricted by state authorities. Efforts are undertaken to increase the scope of circulation of the print media, particularly to rural communities. Broadcasting legislation has been passed and is implemented that provides for a conducive environment for public, commercial and community broadcasting. Community broadcasting enjoys special promotion given its potential to broaden access by poor and rural communities. The editorial independence of print media published by a public authority is protected adequately against undue political interference. Local or regional independent news agencies gather and distribute information for all media Media diversity is promoted through adequate competition regulation/legislation. Government promotes a political and economic environment which allows a diverse media landscape. Private media outlets operate as efficient and professional businesses. State print media are not subsidised with tax payers’ money Government does not use its power over the placement of advertisements as a means to interfere with media content. The advertising market is large enough to maintain a diversity of media outlets. So This Is Democracy? 2008 -300- Media Institute of Southern Africa