;,9(FRQRPLF0HDVXUHV ;9,,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ 1. States Parties to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’s Rights should make every effort to give practical effect to these principles. 2. 3. States shall promote a general economic environment in which the media can flourish. States shall not use their power over the placement of public advertising as a means to interfere with media content. States should adopt effective measures to avoid undue concentration of media ownership, although such measures shall not be so stringent that they inhibit the development of the media sector as a whole. ;93URWHFWLRQRI6RXUFHVDQG RWKHUMRXUQDOLVWLFPDWHULDO Media practitioners shall not be required to reveal confidential sources of information or to disclose other material held for journalistic purposes except in accordance with the following principles: the identity of the source is necessary for the investigation or prosecution of a serious crime, or the defence of a person accused of a criminal offence; the information or similar information leading to the same result cannot be obtained elsewhere; the public interest in disclosure outweighs the harm to freedom of expression; and disclosure has been ordered by a court, after a full hearing. 6R7KLVLV'HPRFUDF\"